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United States President Donald Trump was struggling today to contain the fallout from his Administration’s decision not to release the Epstein files as pressure increased.

A House subcommittee for the first time voted to subpoena the Administration for the files and a Florida court declined to release grand jury testimony from the case.

Three House Republicans supported a measure introduced by Representative Summer Lee (Democrat-Pennsylvania) to demand the Justice Department release the files. Under House rules, the full committee - led by Trump ally Representative James Comer (Republican-Kentucky) - must now issue the subpoenas.

“Subpoenas will be issued in the near future,” an Oversight spokesman said.

The Oversight panel also voted to subpoena all communications about Epstein between then-President Joe Biden and his Administration; as well as to subpoena a long list of other prominent figures from Democratic and Republican administrations including Bill and Hillary Clinton; former FBI director James Comey; former attorneys general Merrick Garland, William Barr, Jeff Sessions, Loretta Lynch, Eric Holder and Alberto Gonzales; as well as former special counsel Robert Mueller.

It’s unclear why lawmakers felt those officials would be instrumental to hear from, though the federal probe into Epstein spans two decades and several presidential administrations.

Republicans believe Bill Clinton may be mentioned in the Epstein files and appear to be attempting to expose correspondence between the former president, lawyers, and law enforcement officials who may have had knowledge of the case.

The cracks starting to emerge in the GOP coalition signalled the firestorm over Epstein has far from abated and may intensify as Republicans hear from voters at home during their five-week August recess.

After a unanimous vote yesterday, Comer also issued a subpoena for Epstein’s former girlfriend Ghislaine Maxwell, a convicted sex offender who is in prison, for her testimony next month in Florida.

The furore may be further fanned by a new report in the Wall Street Journal that describes how Attorney-General Pam Bondi and her deputy informed the President in May that his name appeared “multiple times” in the files, along with those of “many people” who socialised with Epstein.

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The officials said the files included “unverified hearsay” about these people and would not be released because they contained child pornography and victims’ information.

Last week, Trump said that Bondi told him his name wasn’t in the files. Being named in what is likely voluminous files is not evidence of wrongdoing.

“I don’t necessarily think that’s a surprise. He’s never denied knowing Epstein,” said Representative Kevin Hern (R-Oklahoma), who had not yet read the Journal article.

Asked if the meeting reported by the Journal took place, White House spokesperson Steven Cheung said: “The fact is that the President kicked him [Epstein] out of his club for being a creep. This is nothing more than a continuation of the fake news stories concocted by the Democrats and the liberal media.”

Laura Loomer, an influential pro-Trump blogger who has been calling for more disclosures in the Epstein case, blamed Trump’s opponents for exploiting his past association with Epstein.

“You can’t just go accusing everybody who knew Jeffrey Epstein or took a photo with him of being a paedophile,” she said.

“It’s absolutely absurd for people to be implying or insinuating for one second that Donald Trump is somehow implicated in some kind of a sex scandal.”

Before heading home to their districts, House Republicans were still figuring out how to position themselves on a topic that places them squarely between Trump and their most vocal constituents.

The action in the House Oversight subcommittee on federal law enforcement was supported by three Republicans: Nancy Mace (South Carolina), Scott Perry (Pennsylvania) and Brian Jack (Georgia).

Ten GOP lawmakers have signed a bipartisan petition to circumvent House leadership and send a measure to the floor to release the files; that won’t happen until September, however.

Representative Thomas Massie (R-Kentucky), who is leading the petition effort with Representative Ro Khanna (D-California), said everyone should be prepared to see names they may recognise in the files, if they’re released.

Massie said he expected the backlash to the Administration’s refusal to release the files “grow over the August recess”.

“I mean, I think that’s a thing about the files that everybody needs to understand is there are probably lots of names in there who haven’t done anything criminal,” Massie told reporters.

“There’s a reluctance to release these files because of the embarrassment of just having your name in the news in these files.”

He added: “And I always presumed that there were at least some of Trump’s friends, you know, named in this”.

Representative Byron Donalds (R-Florida) cast doubt on the Journal’s report, suggesting the Biden Administration would have released Epstein documents to incriminate Trump if the President was named in them.

“So if he was on that list, you mean to tell me that DOJ wouldn’t have put it out? Nobody buys that,” he said.

The White House has spent the last two weeks trying, with limited success, to get people - including many of Trump’s most fervent supporters - to stop talking about the Epstein case.

Trump has moved through a series of responses, urging supporters to focus on other issues and suggesting that continued interest in the Epstein case benefitted Democrats.

“Their new SCAM is what we will forever call the Jeffrey Epstein Hoax, and my PAST supporters have bought into this ‘bull****,’ hook, line, and sinker,” Trump wrote in a post on Truth Social last week.

Republican anger seems only to have grown since Bondi announced that the case was effectively closed in a memo released less than two weeks ago, confirming that Epstein died by suicide and there was no “client list” naming powerful people who may have abused teenage girls.

Trump had directed Bondi to ask the courts to unseal grand jury testimony. But today, a Florida judge denied the Justice Department’s request to unseal testimony from the investigation there into Epstein’s activities between 2005 and 2007, citing secrecy rules.

Justice is separately pursuing the release of testimony from New York, where Epstein was charged with sex trafficking in 2019 and where Maxwell was convicted in 2021.

Democrats are seeking to take advantage of the issue as they head home to meet with their constituents.

They plan to argue that Trump’s support for his Administration’s decision not to release the files this month - and GOP lawmakers’ leaving Washington without addressing the issue - means Republicans are protecting the rich and powerful at voters’ expense.

“The reality is that it’s all connected from the standpoint of Donald Trump. His Administration and House Republicans have delivered nothing more than a government of the billionaires, by the billionaires, and for the billionaires,” House Minority Leader Hakeem Jeffries (D-New York) said today.

“It’s reasonable to conclude that Republicans are continuing to protect the lifestyles of the rich and shameless, even if that includes paedophiles.”

Several Democrats plan to continue forcing the matter on Capitol Hill.

Democrats who sit on the House Appropriations Committee - which is responsible for crafting legislation to fund the government - are planning to introduce amendments related to Epstein if Republicans decide to keep the panel in town tomorrow, according to two Democrats familiar with the plans.

Appropriators may continue to meet while the House is in recess in hopes of hitting a government funding deadline of September 30.

House Democrats’ campaign arm echoed Jeffries, while sounding ready to pounce on the Epstein fallout while lawmakers are home.

“The so-called Republican moderates prioritised their billionaire donors by enacting the largest cut to Medicaid in American history to pay for tax breaks for the wealthy,” Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee spokesman Justin Chermol said.

“Now they’re protecting Donald Trump and billionaire elites by refusing to provide transparency into the Epstein files.”

House Speaker Mike Johnson (R-Louisiana) sent the House home a day early because business had ground to a halt over the Epstein issue.

He was responding to Republicans on the House Rules Committee who were uncomfortable taking repeated votes on language introduced by Democrats to release the files.

His solution was to allow the panel to approve a nonbinding resolution asking for the files to be released within 30 days; that resolution doesn’t have the force of law, however, and may never come up for a vote.

Johnson insisted there was “no daylight” between Republicans and Trump on the issue and said a vote in the House would be premature because the President had directed Bondi to seek permission from the courts to release grand jury material. (This was before the Florida judge’s decision.)

“There’s no point in passing a resolution to urge the Administration to do something they are already doing, and so that’s why we’re going to let that process play out,” he said.

“This is not out of fear in any way. What we’re trying to do is maximise the transparency. And we want every single person who’s involved in any way in the Epstein evils to be called to swift justice.”

The speaker also argued that Republicans had a “legal” and “moral” responsibility to protect the names of Epstein’s victims from surfacing in the media, and excoriated Democrats for playing politics on the issue.

“The way Democrats have tried to weaponise this issue is absolutely shameless, and I just want to say this: Democrats said nothing and did nothing, absolutely nothing about bringing transparency for the entire four years of the Biden presidency,” Johnson said.

Jeffries, alongside minority whip Katherine Clark (D-Massachusetts) and Democratic caucus chairman Pete Aguilar (D-California), argued that there’s a connection between Epstein and other Republican policy priorities, including Trump’s tax and immigration bill.

“The Epstein case has helped their own base see what’s going on: that this is a con job and that they were never the centre of the work that they are going to do here,” Clark said.

The aggressive Democratic rhetoric is a departure from Democrats’ typical refusal to engage in pushing back on or even entertaining conspiracy theories from the Maga base. Several House Democrats began daring Trump to release the Epstein files on social media this month.

Representative Jimmy Gomez (California) was one of the first Democratic lawmakers to demand the Administration release the Epstein files because he noticed the matter trending online in right-wing circles. Other liberal lawmakers began pushing the issue, and the leadership listened as Democrats sought more forceful ways to respond to Trump.

“He said he was going to drain the swamp, and then he became the swamp,” Gomez said of Trump.